The History of Bourbon: Exploring the Kentucky Bourbon Trail

Nothing captures the rebelliousness and ruggedness of southern outlaws and cowboys quite like a chilled glass of bourbon. In fact, bourbon and whiskey were the most popular drinks of the Old West back in the 1800s.
But did you know that the birthplace of bourbon wasn't a Western state but good old Bluegrass Kentucky? Along with the ever-so-popular Kentucky Bourbon Trail, Kentucky showcases exceptional wines, fruity cocktails, and innovative craft beers, providing an all-encompassing drinking experience.

Today we're exploring the diverse drinking culture of the Bluegrass State, focusing on its iconic bourbon heritage, flourishing area wineries, dynamic breweries, and immersive craft tours. If you're planning a trip to Kentucky, use this as a guide to embrace the unique spirits of Kentucky.
Let's dive in!

America's Melting Pot History

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Between the late 15th and 17th centuries, America experienced mass immigration from Europe. This influx of foreigners skyrocketed between the 1700-1800s as news began to spread quickly concerning America's religious and political freedom and wealth of economic opportunity. Nearly 500,000 European immigrants took the harrowing journey by boat to America to escape the persecution they were facing in their country and enjoy a thriving economy. During this time, America was flooded with new cultures, demographics, languages, and customs.

Kentucky's Fertile Ground

Many of these European settlers came across the Appalachian Mountains into states like Virginia, New York, Pennsylvania, and Kentucky. After planting roots, Irish, Scottish, and German settlers soon discovered fertile ground in Kentucky. This meant that the state was perfect for growing rye and corn. Settlers also discovered excessive limestone deposits in Kentucky. The region's limestone-filtered water and favorable climate also created optimal conditions for whiskey and bourbon production. This unique combination of natural resources laid the groundwork for what would become a thriving industry.

The Invention of Bourbon

Before there was bourbon, there was whiskey. The first distillation of whiskey in the states began in Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. By the 1780s, a unique style of corn-based whiskey was being distilled in Kentucky. Many people attribute the invention of bourbon to Elijah Craig, along with many other inventions and he retains the title: Father of Bourbon. Legend has it that Elijah Craig invented bourbon as a result of an accidental fire that charred his whiskey barrels, giving the drink its distinctive brownish color and rich flavor.

However, there are no historical records to support this theory. Others say that the name "bourbon" comes from Bourbon Street in New Orleans, where French brothers sold a local whiskey similar to cognac. Many people say the emergence of bourbon was a direct result of the whiskey-making practices brought over to the American colonies by settlers from Scotland. Although we might not know the exact truth of how bourbon came to be, the drink officially became known as "bourbon whiskey" in 1840.

What is the Difference Between Whiskey and Bourbon?

Just like champagne is a type of wine, bourbon is a type of whiskey. But not all whiskey is bourbon. Although similar in taste and color, the two differ when it comes to the ingredient makeup. For whiskey to be labeled as bourbon or "bourbon whiskey," it must be aged in specific barrels for at least 2 years along with being made from a grain mixture of at least 51% corn. As the popularity of bourbon began exploding, more and more people began enjoying bourbon because of how warm it was and the distinct feeling of courage it gave them. Naturally, bourbon became the drink of choice by cowboys in the Old West.

Kentucky's Fertile Ground

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the history of bourbon in kentucky breaking soil with a shovel

Many of these European settlers came across the Appalachian Mountains into states like Virginia, New York, Pennsylvania, and Kentucky. After planting roots, Irish, Scottish, and German settlers soon discovered fertile ground in Kentucky. This meant that the state was perfect for growing rye and corn.

Settlers also discovered excessive limestone deposits in Kentucky. The region's limestone-filtered water and favorable climate also created optimal conditions for whiskey and bourbon production. This unique combination of natural resources laid the groundwork for what would become a thriving industry.

The Invention of Bourbon

What is the Difference Between Whiskey and Bourbon?

Where is Bourbon Made in Kentucky?

Kentucky is, without a doubt, the capital of Bourbon. In fact, according to the Kentucky Distillers' Association, Kentucky ages and produces roughly 95% of the world's bourbon whiskey! Bourbon was traditionally made in Bourbon County, Kentucky, and most bourbon is still produced in the state of Kentucky.

The Craft of Bourbon Making

Bourbon production is a meticulous art, requiring skill and dedication at every stage. From selecting the right grains to monitoring the aging process, each distillery has unique methods and recipes that influence flavor profiles.
The four main steps in bourbon production are mashing, fermentation, distillation, and aging.

Let's take a look at what these methods involve:

Mashing: The mashing process involves combining and grinding corn and water together and heating the mixture to convert starches into fermentable sugars.
Fermentation: Yeast is then added to the fermentable sugar concoction to begin the fermentation process, producing alcohol.
Distillation: The fermented mash and alcohol is then heated in a still, separating the alcohol from the other components in the distillation process.
Aging: Finally, the mixture is put into charred oak barrels and aged for at least 2 years or longer. Many premium bourbons are aged much longer, resulting in richer flavors and aromas.

Bourbon's Legal Recognition and Growth

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Kentucky bourbon aged in a charred oak barrel

In 1964, bourbon was officially recognized by the U.S. Congress as "America's native spirit," solidifying its cultural and historical significance. As the popularity of bourbon surged, so did the number of distilleries.
Today, over 70 distilleries are located in Kentucky, ranging from iconic brands like Jim Beam and Maker's Mark to smaller, artisanal producers. The state's rich heritage in bourbon-making is celebrated annually during bourbon festivals, tastings, workshops, tours, and live events.

Modern-Day Bourbon Culture

Today, bourbon is more than just a drink; it represents a lifestyle and a deep-rooted culture in Kentucky. Distilleries offer tours that educate visitors on the history and intricacies of bourbon-making, providing tastings that highlight the unique characteristics of each brand. The rise of craft distilleries has further diversified the market, introducing innovative flavors and expressions that appeal to a wide range of palates.

Visiting Bourbon Country also plays a significant role in the state's tourism, bringing in droves of people annually to see the top breweries and distilleries in the Nation. The Kentucky Bourbon Trail, an official tourist route, showcases the rich heritage and craftsmanship of bourbon production and the birthplace of bourbon. The trail invites visitors to explore the iconic distilleries that define the industry.

Kentucky Bourbon Festival

Celebrated the first week in September, The Kentucky Bourbon Festival welcomes all bourbon and whiskey lovers to Bardstown, Kentucky, for an unforgettable weekend during National Bourbon Heritage Month. The iconic Bourbon Festival in Kentucky partners with the biggest names in whiskey and bourbon, and visitors can sample bourbon from over 60 distilleries. Enjoy panel discussions from some of the top master distillers, attend workshops, purchase bottles of bourbon, and enjoy the offerings in the Bourbon capital of the world! If you're attending the event and need recommendations on where to stay, you can check out our page on places to stay in Bardstown, Kentucky.

Is Bourbon only Made in Kentucky?

Although Kentucky is the Bourbon Capital, any state can produce bourbon so long as the standards and requirements are met. However, "Kentucky Bourbon" is only produced in the state, and Kentucky continues to be the pinnacle of bourbon.

What is the Kentucky Bourbon Trail?

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people clinking their glasses while on the Kentucky bourbon trail

For those who want an in-depth look at all things Bluegrass bourbon, the Kentucky Bourbon Trail is just the ticket! The Kentucky Bourbon Trail is a program that takes visitors to the state's best distilleries to learn about the history and production of modern-day bourbon.

The Kentucky Bourbon Trail was created by the Kentucky Distillers' Association (KDA) to educate visitors on the bourbon-making process and the history of Kentucky's signature spirit. When the Kentucky Bourbon Trail tour first launched in 1999, the seven distilleries that were part of the tour were near one another, and the entire tour would only take a day or two.

How long does it take to finish the Kentucky Bourbon Trail

For most people, visiting all 48 distilleries on the tour would take about a month and most people won't want to dive in that deeply. We recommend picking a few of your favorite distilleries and doing a full tour of them spanning a few days. This method will also save your palate for tasting so you can savor and enjoy each unique sip.

Here's everything you need to know about experiencing the Kentucky Bourbon Trail.

What is there to see on the trail?

The trail includes many well-known distilleries, such as Maker's Mark, Angel's Envy, Stitzel-Weller, Woodford Reserve Distillery, James B. Beam Distillery, and Wild Turkey. Have a favorite bourbon? Chances are high there is a spot on the trail where you can taste it and learn about how it's made!

Where does it start?

You can start the trail at any place that is convenient for you. You can check out the KDA's bourbon trail tips if you don't know where to start.

How much does it cost?

The cost will differ depending on how many distilleries you visit. There is an admission fee to visit each distillery.

Can you Uber the trail?

Yes, you can take an Uber to each of the distilleries, however, some are within walking distance of one another!

Where should I get the Kentucky Bourbon Trail Passport?

The Kentucky Bourbon Trail Passport and field guide allowed you to track the distilleries you visited. However, the Kentucky Bourbon Trail is adopting a more customized approach going forward. The Kentucky Bourbon Trail Passport and Field Guide will be officially retired in July 2025.

Official Statement:

"Rushing from stop to stop to gather more passport stamps runs contrary to that enjoyment. We also want you to have the freedom to Build Your Own Bourbon Trail™, based on criteria important to you. But for those of you approaching the now-impressive goal of visiting each of the distilleries in the Passport & Field Guide, we will continue to honor and award Passport and Field Guides purchased and registered before July 1, 2024, until July 1, 2025".

What should I wear?

There is no dress code on the trail, but we recommend wearing comfortable and casual attire when visiting the distilleries.

How do I plan a trip?

Some recommend booking tours and tastings in advance, as they can fill up quickly. Others suggest staying somewhere that's within walking distance of the trail, as it stretches for miles. If you're looking for accommodations on the Kentucky Bourbon Trail, check out our list of top bed and breakfasts in Kentucky.

Map of Kentucky Bourbon Trail

If you want a complete map of the Kentucky Bourbon Trail, check out Huntsville Event Magazine's Kentucky Bourbon Trail article.

Can I have a Bourbon Trail Bachelor party?

Of course! In fact, it's very popular to tour the Kentucky Bourbon Trail with your bachelor party or any kind of group get-together. If you have 10 or more people going on the tour with you, call ahead to make sure the distilleries can accommodate you.

Kentucky Bourbon Distilleries

At the time of writing, the Kentucky Bourbon Trail has 46 distilleries, broken down into two groups:
18 Core Distilleries: Larger distilleries
28 Craft Distilleries: Smaller distilleries
Here are some of the most of the most popular brands of Kentucky bourbon whiskey featured on the trail:

Angel's Envy
Bardstown Bourbon Co.
Bulleit Frontier Whiskey
Evan Williams Bourbon
Four Roses Bourbon
Green River Distilling Co.
Heaven Hill Distillery
Jim Beam
Maker's Mark
Michter's Distillery
Distillery at Old Forester
Rabbit Hole Distillery
Woodford Reserve

Although the tour covers most brands of bourbon, if you're a true bourbon connoisseur, check out the other Kentucky distilleries that are not on the official tour. You'll get a taste of popular brands like Buffalo Trace Bourbon whiskey and Eagle Rare Bourbon. Although there is no official Kentucky whiskey trail, there is plenty of overlap between bourbon and whiskey, and tours in the state can satisfy either preference.

The Kentucky Bourbon Trail: Craft Tour

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bourbon glass and decanter on the Kentucky bourbon trail

If you enjoy some history and experiences off the beaten path, consider checking out the Kentucky Bourbon Trail: Craft Tour. This is one segment of the Kentucky Bourbon Trail that you won't want to miss! This tour features more remote locations not included on the main trail. Each of these distilleries offers an intriguing history, and the area provides beautiful scenery as you roll through the Bluegrass hilltops and soak in the spirit of craftsmanship.

Kentucky Bourbon Trail Itinerary

To make things easier on you, we have a Kentucky Bourbon Trail itinerary for 1 week to make the most of your time here. Check it out!

Kentucky Bourbon Trail: Where to Stay

With how massive the trail is today, you'll feel like you just scratched the surface after one day of touring. We highly recommend booking a weekend or multi-day trip to experience some of the best spots on the tour and truly savor the spirits of Kentucky.

If you're looking for Kentucky Bourbon Trail accommodations, we suggest checking us out! The Bed and Breakfast Association of Kentucky provides the best B&Bs and inns from top property owners in Kentucky. Our BBAK Members are dedicated to providing you with the highest quality standards, comfort, service, safety, and satisfaction available for lodging in Kentucky.

Wineries in Kentucky

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It's no secret that bourbon is the showstopper when it comes to drinking in the state. However, Kentucky's wine industry is on the rise, offering a unique complement to its famous whiskey/bourbon culture. Wine production in Kentucky dates back to the early 1800s, however, it wasn't until recent decades that the industry gained significant traction.

Kentucky Wine Trail

Kentucky's diverse climate and geography allow for the cultivation of various grape varieties. The state's winemakers have embraced this potential, leading to the emergence of over 70 wineries across the region. This growth has been fueled by a renewed interest in local, artisanal products and the increasing popularity of wine tourism.

If wine tasting is more your speed, consider hopping around to the various wineries in Kentucky and making a weekend out of it. Consider staying with one of our top bed and breakfasts in Kentucky when you begin your epic Kentucky Wine Trail tour.

Some of the Best Wineries in Kentucky

Kentucky is home to several distinct wine regions, each with unique terroir and grape varietals. The Ohio River Valley, with its rolling hills and fertile soil, is one of the most notable regions for viticulture. Here, wineries produce a range of wines, from robust reds to crisp whites. Here are some options for where to go winetasting in Kentucky:

Some Notable Wineries in Kentucky include:

Talon Winery: Located in Lexington, Talon Winery is known for its extensive selection of wines, including sweet, dry, and sparkling varieties. The scenic vineyards and welcoming tasting room make it a popular destination for visitors.
Chateau du Vieux Corbeau: This winery, situated in the picturesque hills of Bourbon County, specializes in small-batch wines crafted from estate-grown grapes. Their intimate setting and personalized service create a memorable tasting experience.
Purple Toad Winery: Renowned for its fruit wines, Purple Toad Winery in Paducah, KY, offers unique flavors like peach, strawberry, and blackberry. The family-friendly atmosphere and live music events make it a fun stop for all ages.

Kentucky Breweries

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row of beers found in breweries in kentucky

If wine and bourbon aren't your go-to, check out Kentucky's craft beer scene! The state offers an explosion of top breweries, reflecting a nationwide trend toward artisanal, locally-produced beverages. With a growing number of breweries opening their doors, the state offers a diverse array of beer styles and flavors that cater to every palate.

Best Breweries in Kentucky

Several breweries stand out in Kentucky's craft beer landscape, each contributing its unique flair to the scene:
Braxton Brewery: Grab Fido and check out Braxton Brewery in Covington, Kentucky. This pet-friendly brewery boasts an expansive first-floor taproom, rooftop, and second-floor private event space. The premier rooftop offers some of the best views of Cincinnati. The brewery produces a wide range of styles, including IPAs, stouts, and seasonal offerings that showcase local ingredients.
Against the Grain Brewery: Located in Louisville, Against the Grain is known for its bold and innovative beers. Their flagship offerings include the popular "Kentucky Bourbon Barrel Ale," which is aged in bourbon barrels, imparting rich flavors that pay homage to the state's heritage.
West Sixth Brewing: Based in Lexington, West Sixth Brewing is committed to producing high-quality, community-focused beers. Their flagship West Sixth IPA is a crowd favorite, characterized by its hoppy aroma and balanced bitterness.

Kentucky Microbreweries

If you want to shop local and check out an independent business, check out a microbrewery. Microbreweries in Kentucky produce a small amount of beer and often focus on selling products locally for a personal approach to brewing.

Stay at the Best B&Bs in Kentucky

For many diehard bourbon drinkers, completing the Kentucky Bourbon Trail is not just something on their bucket list but a sacred pilgrimage that pays homage to the true spirit of America. We hope you've enjoyed our in-depth look at the history of bourbon and top breweries, distilleries, and wine tasting in Kentucky. If you don't drink and want to visit our slice of paradise, we also have recommendations on top museums, attractions, music festivals, and more.

The Bed and Breakfast Association of Kentucky provides the best accommodations from top innkeepers in the state. Browse our associated members and top lodging in Kentucky as you're planning your visit. You just might find that tasting the best bourbon in the world awakes a spirit of rebelliousness you haven't quite experienced before. Happy Drinking!